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The gap between what European NATO members spend on defence and what Washington considers adequate has defined the alliance's internal politics under US President Donald Trump.
European allies have moved to address that friction at the contract level, announcing billions in new defence deals as evidence of commitment to collective security.
The mechanism behind the pressure NATO's collective defence model asks member states to contribute proportionally to the alliance's overall deterrence capability.
Trump has made European spending shortfalls a recurring pressure point in transatlantic relations, pushing allies to move beyond pledges and into visible procurement activity.
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